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Prehistory Captions: Use this to right all of the required captions for the Prehisory Flight. Be sure that each placemark is in a Google Prehistory Map. Write the caption in Google Maps. Insert the photos in Google Maps. Then invite the other members of your team and Mr. Baskin to see it by useing the collaborate link. Save each placemark that you create to twoi places: to your Humanities folder and to your teams Prehistory flight on the Share drive.

Great Rift Valley, Tanzania: According to the Our World Textbook, page 31, archaeologists found human bones or remains that may be 2 million years old. Scientists believe that human life began here in the Great Rift Valley. These hunter-gatherers used the first tools made by humans. These were stone tools that had a sharp knife-like edge that could cut through animal hides and chop through wood.

Blombos Cave, South Africa: According to the Our World Textbook, page 32,humans lived in a cave called Blombos Cave in South Africa. The prehistoric humans who lived in Blombos Cave about 70,000 years ago made carved blades from animal bones. The blades were polished with strips of leather and were stained with ocher, which is a yellowish powder.

Border Cave, Swaziland: According to the Our World Textbook, pages 32 and 33, in Border Cave, about 40,000 years ago, humans lived overlooking a grassy river valley dotted with buffalo-thorn-trees and other shrubs. The hunter-gatherers hunted herds of eland that grazed in the valley below. The prehistoric hunters who lived in Border Cave lined the cool floor with grass for bedding, and they made campfires for cooking and for light. Archaeologists have found small arrowhead-shaped stones. these suggest that the cave's inhabitants probably used bows and arrows to hunt. The inhabitants of Border Cave gathered wild plums, oranges, and starchy plants.

Kota Tampan, Malaysia: According to the video The real Eve, about 74,000 years ago, there was a volcanic eruption in Malaysia that buried the community of prehistoric humans that lived in Kota Tampan. Archaeologists found what seems to be a stone tool workshop where prehistoric humans made heavy hammer stones and stone choppers.

Gulf of Zula, Eritrea: In Africa, on the Gulf of Zula, 125,000 years ago humans used hand axes and obsidian tool to harvest seafood from the ocean, according to the video The Real Eve.

Dolni Vestonice, Czech Republic: According to "People like Us" in National Geographic, archaeologists found mats, wall hangings, ropes and bags. In the Czech Republic, dated 23,000 B.C. archaeologists also found the bones of wild hare, or rabbits. The archaeologists believe that the prehistoric humans used huge nets and cooperated/worked with each other in groups in order to catch these animals.

Athens: According to __ "Engineering an Empire" video __ in 450 B.C. Athens was the leader of the Delian League. Then Pericles decided to build the Parthenon on top of the Acropolis. It had cost more than 30 million drachmas-billions of dollars, and they began building the Parthenon in July 447 B.C. to make the Parthenon they used 30,000 tons of marble quarried from ten miles away. To get this marble workers hammered iron wedges into the cracks in the marble to separate the marble slabs from the quarry walls. Most temples of the day had 6 columns in the front and 13 on the side. The Parthenon had 8 columns in front and 17 on the side. The columns that they used provide support for the structure. Each colummn was made up of 11 marble drums stacked on top of one another. They were also carved so they would fit perfectly together. A rectangular notch was placed in the middle of each drum so that a wooden plug and pin could align each drum with the one above it. They also built cranes to lift the heavy marble blocks. The cranes consist of a boom (the long support) and pulleys. Bosses-or protruding handles-were left carved into each drum, and the ropes were tied around the bosses. The ropes met in the middle over the center of the drum in a metal "s" shaped hook. The Parthenons walls were not built with mortar or cement. Each block was tied to an adjoining block with a metal "t" that was inserted into the surface of the stone that was carved out to make room for one side of the "t." After they had put the drum into its place they chipped away the bosses.

Samos: According to __"Engineering an Empire" video__ around 540 B.C. a tyrant named Polycrates came to rule the island city-state of Samos. They need to solve the problem of connecting the city-states of Samos with a mountain spring on the other side of Mount Castro. Eupalinos, the engineer of Polycrates, came up with the idea of tunneling under Mount Castro. Tunnels were dug on opposite sides of each other. They had to be at the same horizontal and vertical.They used geometry to figure out where to put the two opposing tunnels. The two tunnels met with 24 inches of each difference from each other. This was a discrepancy of less than 1/8 of 1% of the tunnel’s 3,500 foot length. [],[] Mycenean: According to __"Engineering an__ __Empire" video__ the early mainland Greek civilization the capital was surrounded by a massive citadel (thick, definsive fortification walls). Walls were buttressed with stone blocks that weighed up to 10 tons each. They were also put together like puzzle pieces. The Lions Gate appearsto be a post and lintel gate. The Lions Gate actually uses the architectural technique of corbellind which uses diagnally stacked blocks whose end are counterbalanced. The Myceneans inveted the corbelled arch. They also invented the corbelled dome. They used it in tholos (tombs). It looks a beehive with earth build up around it. Around 1,100 B.C. the Mycenaean civilization disappeared. It had fallen. After almost three centuries of what is called the Dark Ages, city-states began to appear (In the 8th century B.C.).

rome corrections what the romans traded and who they traded with the romans traded wheat olive, oil, and wine were exported from as far out west asberia and as far east as egypt and the middle east.